Briquetting or drying press



H. HORST. BRIQUETTING 0R DRYING PRESS.

' APPLICATION FILED AUG. 2, 1920. 1,433,619. Patented Oct 31,1922

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Fig-1.

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H. HORST.

BHIQUETTING 0R DRYING PRESS. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 2. 1920.

1,433,619., Patented Oct. 31,1922.

3 SHEEIS-SHEET 2- H. HORST. BRIQUETTING 0R DRYING PRESS- APPLICATION FILED AUG-2| I920.

1 33,619; Patented Oct 31,1922.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

names 3t, 1922.

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HEI TZ HORST, OF DORTMUND, GERMANY, A

SEIGNOR TO THE CURPORATION OF GESELL- SCHAFT FUR MASCHINELLE DRUCKENTWASSERING ILVIIT BESCHBANKTER HAF- TUNG, F WERDINGEN, NIEDEBS'IEIN,

GERMANY.

BRIQUETTING OR DRYING: PRESS.

Application filed August 2, 1920. Serial No. 400,836.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HEINZ Honsr, engineer, and citizen of Germany, and resident of Dortmund (with the post-oilice address 5 Schwanenwall d8), Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Briquetting or Drying Presses, of which the following is a specification The invention relates to a press for null 10 ing briquettes, building stones and the like, and for expressing water from mineral or vegetable materials, more particularly peat.

The press comprises boxes or moulds which co-ope ate with plunger-s or stamps,

the latter being operated. by an inclined plane or cam path.

The invention consists in the arrangement of the boxes or moulds in a ring and in means for producing between the ring of boxes and the plungers a relative movement such that either the ring of boxes or the inclined plane or both rotate about an axis.

Substantial advantages flow from such a construction of press, particularly as compared with known presses operated by a hand and rollers, in which travellingbands carrying with them the boxes and plungers move in paths inclined to each other, and

thus constitute the inclined planes which drive the plungers. In these band presses there is much useless or dead path which makes the press very large for a .-.oinpa1:'ativel y small output. The bands become loose 5 and require constai'it attention.

In the new press, on the other hand, there is no dead path. The annular construction ensures that the working operation beginning at one'place in the circle continues un 40 interruptedly and ends near the starting point. Disturbance of the operation due to stretching or loosening of bands is excluded.

By adjusting the inclined plane provision.

can be made for variation in the nature of 5 the material to be pressed.

When two or more concentric box rings are used, two or more kinds of pressing can be performed in one pressing system. For instance, in pressing raw peat two presses have hitherto been used. In the first or preliminary press the material is dried to about 65 per cent, but the remaining water is not uniformly distributed in the mass, the

core being wetter than the outside; hence the mass is torn up and again pressed. Owing to the now smaller volume, smaller press suflices iorthe second pressing. This operation, accomplished in two presses, may be pertormedin one press system of several box rings according to the invention, so that operatives, space and time are saved. The larger oi two box rings is suitable for the preliminary drying, and the smaller for the subsequent drying.

In one form, two stamps or plungers work in each mould box, one of which ilorms,to some extent, the closure of the box while the other exerts the pressure; in this case both the plungers maybe controlled. by cam paths.

In thlSdiiOllIl there is the advantage that a separate closure tor each box, such as a cover. which shall take the pressure may be omitted.

Several arrangements of press, according to the invention, are practicable, and two are shown in the accompanying drawings.

Figs. 1-10 illustrate one form. Fig, 1 is a plan. Fig. 2 a developed section and Fig". 3 vertical longitudinal section; Fig 4t is a locking device for the cover of the mould box. Fig. 5 is a diagram of the working operation. Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are graphs illustrating the pressing operation in drying peat. Fig. 9 is a pressure dia 'ram repre senting the operation of the pr s on materials requiring heavy compression. ll) showsv the arrangement of the pressure regulator.

As shown in Figs. 1-3, the boxes or moulds 1 are arranged in a ring the periph cry of which has teeth 21 01 the purpose of driving I it. I

The plungers 3 enter the boxes from below, each having; a roller 4 which runs on the circular. inclined plane 0 whereby the plunger 1s driven. The plunger rods 6 are triangular form so that as the rollers travel on the plane there may be no angular movement of the plungers in the boxes, and further, to ensure this result there is a guide 7 for the axle of each roller on each side of the box ring.

Each box' 1 is closed at the top by a cover 8 hinged at 9, said cover carrying guides lOfor therollers ll mountedon the stationary frame 12, which is fixed above that part of the press where compression or expulsion of water is to occur. As each box travels from under this frame, so that its cover is no longer in contact with rollers, a projection 14, which the cover carries, is engaged by a cam rail 13. In this manner the cover is opened for discharging the contents of the box and recharging the latter, and is then closed again. During the pressing the cover takes the pressure of the plun ger 3.

Instead of the separate covers 8, a continuous cover band may be usedv in like manner.

As seen from the drawings, at that place where the rail 13 that opens the cover 8 is fixed, the inclined plane 5 has a steeper part so that the plungers 3, are pushed upwards more quickly than in the pressing operation so that the briquette or the like is thrust from the box 1.

Thereafter the inclined plane 5 has a down grade, so that the plungers tall by their own weight, or they may be positively lowered by a guide rail 15.

In the lowest position of the plungers. the boxes are recharged and then the covers 8 are closed by the rail 13.

lV hen expression of water is an object the walls of the boxes, the covers, and the plungers must be perforated. It is advantageous to provide the walls of the boxes, the covers and the plungers with ribs so that perfo rated plates can be inserted which permit the expressed water to flow away.

It is to be understood that the form shown in the drawings is only an example, and that many obvious modifications are possible.

Thus, the ring of boxes can be stationary and the inclined plane 5 may rotate. Again both systems, namely the ring of boxes and the inclined plane, may rotate in opposite directions.

The inclined plane may be arranged lat orally to the boxes or above them, instead of below them. Instead of driving the driven part peripherally it may be driven axially.

With respect to the walls of the boxes, the

covers and the plungers, it may be stated that they are preferably not rigidly connected withthe ring of the press, but may be adapted to be exchanged, so that parts suitable for the kind of material to be treated may be inserted. As already stated, two rings may be placed concentrically so that two different kinds of pressing may be performed in a single system. F or instance, in pressing peat, the larger ring of boxes may serve for the preliminary pressing, and the smaller for the subsequent pressin Finally, it is to be noted that a pressure controller may be introduced into the path of the inclined plane, which may operate in known manner, either hydraulically or with aid of springs. This controller may be constructed to suit the nature of the material to be treated.

Fig. 5 shows the working of such a' press in its single phase. The length a represents the whole operation, the length I) the pressing portion, the length 0 the discharging portion, length cl the return of the plunger, and length 6 the charging portion.

It will be seen that the press has no dead path, each operation being a. cycle which is immediately repeated. Each box and each plunger is in useful work, in contradistinction to the known band presses in of tllelUOlllClS are generally out of use, he I cause there is no work being performed in them. Only the opposite moulds are in use, compression occurs in one mould and extrusion in the other. The plungers are withdrawn completely from the mould after the pressing or after the extrusion. A large table with numerous moulds serves only a limited number of plungers; fromevery' point of view the essentials of the new press differ from those of such table presses.

For eigplai'ningi the pressing operation, for instance expression of water from peat, Fig. 6 shows the volume curve and Fig. 7 the pressure curve. In both the abscissae f are the times in minutes and the ordinates (g, h) the plunger travel in centimetres in F G, and the pressures in atmospheres in Fig. '7'. Fig. 8 shows the form of the pressure curve in different proportions, namely 1 1000 for the base line 27 and 1 5 for the height k,

It will be noted that the pressure is gradually applied and increases from zero to maximum, represented by the movement of each plunger 3, produced by the inclined plane 5, so that'the bulk of the moisture will be expressed during the early stages of compression and the final moisture content will be driven out during the final hea compression. By employing either hydraulic or spring pressure regulators 16, as indicated in Fig.10, to support the inclined plane or camway, excess pressure at any stage of the operation is prevented.

In briquetting materials containing little or nobinding agent, a solid briquette can onlv be obtained it the increase of pressure is gradual or continual not momentary or sudden. This increase depends on the size of grain, density, porosity and air-content of the material. The time, therefore, plays an important part.

Figs. 9 and 10 explain the operation for a fine grained material containing only little bitumen. Fig. 9 shows the increase of pressure in dependence upon time. In the first minutes the pressure is comparatively small and increases considerably only in the last minutes, the abscissee Z represent the time in minutes and the ordinates m the pressure in atmosphere.

As illustrated in Fig. 10, the inclined camway 5 is made up of hinged sections supported by hydraulic or spring jacks or pressure regulators 16, by means of which the pressure at any stage of the operation may be fixed or regulated, and excess pressure prevented.

' Having thus fully described the nature of the said invention and the best means I know for carrying the same into practical effect, I claim l. A dehydrating and briquetting press comprising a ring frame, removable mould boxes mounted peripherally in said frame, hinged covers for said boxes, plungers slidably mounted in said boxes having downwardly extending rods carrying rollers at their lower ends, a circular sectional cam track below the boxes cooperating with the plunger rods and having a gradual incline for the greater portion of its length to effect gradual compression of the material a short incline at the discharging section and abrupt decline at the retracing section and a short horizontal portion at the charging section, a stationary frame carrying rollers,

engaging the covers during the pressing operation, a camway for opening and closing the covers, and a regulable pressure means associated with each section of the circular cam track for supporting said cam track to regulate the degree of pressure exerted by the plungers.

2. A dehydrating and briquetting press comprising a ring frame, removable mould boxes mounted peripherally in said frame, hinged covers for said boxes, plungers slidably mounted in said boxes having downwardly extending rods carrying rollers at their lower ends, guides extending clownwardly from said boxes and secured to the plunger rods, a circular sectional cam track below the boxes cooperating with the plunger rods and having a gradual incline for the greater portion of its length to effect gradual compression of the material a short incline 011 the discharging section and abrupt decline at the retracting section and a short horizontal portion at the charging section, a stationary frame carrying rollers engaging the covers during the pressing operation, a camway for opening and closing the covers, and a regulable pressure means associated with each section of the circular cam track for supporting said cam track to regulate the degree of pressure exerted by the plungers;

3. A dehydrating and briquetting press comprising a ring frame, mould boxes carried thereby, closures for the upper ends of said boxes, plungers slidably mounted in said boxes and having downwardly extending rods, a circular sectional cam track below the boxes cooperating with said rods, and a regulable pressure means associated with each cam section for supporting said cam track to regulate the degreeof pressure exerted by the plungers.

I claim the foregoing as 'my' invention, and I have signed my name this 12th day of July 1920.

HEINZ HORST.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that the assignee in Letters Patent No. 1333,6319. granted )otober 31, 1.922. upon the application of Heinz Horst, of Dortmund, Germany, for an improvement in Eriquetting or Drying Presses, was erroneously Written and printed as to the Corporation of Gesellsohatt "fur h lasehineile Druokent- \vassorin mit beschrankter Haftnng, oi" Vierdingen, Niederstein, Geri'nai'ly, whereas id assignee should have been written and printed. to the Corporation of 086118012 Jt iii 1' flr (zschz'mlie D1u070mm:iissemmg mit bescho'ri'nkter Hafitmg, of Uerclz'ngen, ZViederr/mm, Gemearny/ as shown by the records of assignments in this ofiice; and that the said Letters Patent should be read With this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 6th day of February, A. D., 1923.

[SEAL] KARL FE QNINQ Acting Commz'ssioner of Patents. 

